1. Plain ashlar masonry (rough tooled and fine tooled).

2. Chamfered or punched ashlar masonry (rough and fine tooled).

Both are similar in all respects except that the chamfered ashlar masonry will have joints beveled at a 45° angle to a depth of 25 mm.

Rough tooled ashlar masonry will have a chisel dressing 2.5 mm wide all around the edges and shall be roughly tooled between the drafts so that the dressed surface will not be more than 3 mm from a straight edge placed over it.

Its appearance will be as shown in ##Fig. 7.3.

In the fine tooled work the face will be fine tooled.

In constructing ashlar work, the stones should be covered with gunny bags before ropes are passed over it for lifting so that the stone edges are not damaged.

It should be noted that in the most dressed stonework, the stones in each course are laid as alternate headers and stretchers as shown in ##Fig. 7.3.

The headers on alternate courses should be approximately in the middle of the stretchers above and below.

Ashlar Facing With Backing of Brickwork (COMPOSITE MASONRY).

This type of work is executed in many places for its beauty.

In these works, the face stone of ashlar in each course is laid as alternate courses of headers and stretchers unless stated otherwise.

Face stones and bond stones must break joints in the face for at least half the height of the standard course, and bond stones should be carefully maintained throughout.

Work on all the connected walls should be carried out at one level throughout, but where breaks are unavoidable, the joint must be made in good long steps so as to prevent the development of cracks.