Trusses are the frame formed by number of straight members connected in the form of triangles The embers are made by steel angles and they are joined by rivet or welding, these joints are called nodes It is assumed that the external loads act at the nodes only and the members are subjected to only…
When the height of wall or column or other structural member of a building exceeding1.5 m temporary structures needed to support the platforms over which the work man sit and carry on the work These temporary structures constructed very close to the wall is in the form of imber steel frame work commonly called as…
The purpose of floor is to provide a level surface capable of supporting the occupants of the building, furniture, equipment and sometime interior wall The floor must satisfy the following requirements · Adequate strength and stability · Adequate fire resistance · Sound proof · Damp resistance · Thermal insulations Components of a floor Sub floor, basecourse or floor base Floor…
Materials for Damp Proof Course (DPC): An effective damp proofing material should have the following properties; 1. It should be impervious. 2. It should be strong and durable, and should be capable of withstanding both dead as well as live loads without damage. 3. It should be dimensionally stable. 4. It should be free from…
This bond is weak in strength but it is economical Brick masonry is made up of brick units bonded together with mortar Components of brick masonry · Brick · Mortar Types of mortar · Cement mortar · Lime mortar · Cement-lime mortar · Lime surkhi mortar · Mud mortar Types of bricks · Traditional bricks · Modular bricks Traditional bricks It has not been…
Definition: The art of building a structure in stone with any suitable masonry is called stone masonry. Types of Stone Masonry: Stone masonry may be broadly classified into the following two types: 1. Rubble Masonry 2. Ashlar Masonry Rubble Masonry: The stone masonry in which either undressed or roughly dressed stone are laid in a…
The foundation is he lower portion of the building, usually located below the ground level, which transmit the load of super structure to sub soil Functions of foundation · Reduction of load intensity · Even distribution of load · Provision of level surface · Lateral stability · Safety against undermining · Protection against soil movements Types of foundation · Shallow foundation · Deep…
Sequence of activities and construction co-ordination Planning Planning is considered as a precondition measures before attending any development program Particularly planning is more important in the following area When the fund available are limited The total requirement is much higher Sequence of operation It is always desirable to divide large projects into several construction stages….
Concrete can be imported by variety of methods and equipment’s methods adopted for transportation of concrete · Mortar pan · Wheel barrow · Crane, bucket and rope way · Truck mixers and dumpers · Belt conveyors · Chute · Skip and hoist · Transit mixer · Pump and pipe line · Helicopter Mortar pan This case concrete is carried out in small quantities. This method…
Introduction Production of concrete requires meticulous care at every stage The ingredients of good and bad concrete are same but good rules are not Observed it may become bad Manufacturing of concrete includes the following stages 1. Batching 2. Mixing 3. Transporting 4. Placing 5. Compacting 6. Curing 7. Finishing Batching The measurement of materials…