Development We apply the Law of Conservation of Energy to a control volume. To do so, we must identify the forms of energy in the control volume. Consider the following system The forms of energy in this system are: · Pressure energy: The pressure in a fluid also does work by generating force on a cross section…
Wondering how to measure your roof to estimate required material for roof replacement? Here the process of measurement of the roof is described through easy steps. Introduction Taking the measurement of the roof is very important work before buying materials for re-roofing. You can save significant money and time by estimating the cost of required…
Properties Of Aggregates Approximately 75% of the volume of concrete is occupied by aggregates, so quality of aggregates plays an important role in determining properties of concrete. Aggregates are chemically inert, solid bodies held together by the cement. Aggregates come in various shapes, sizes, and materials ranging from fine particles of sand to large, coarse…
Construction Ambassadors, as the name suggests, are individuals with a passion for the field of construction. They can have many varied responsibilities, which can make it difficult to define exactly what they really do and to describe their job role precisely. Supporting and sharing the news about new construction is important in ensuring that the…
Pressure Head Manometers A manometer (or liquid gauge) is a pressure measurement device which uses the relationship between pressure and head to give readings. In the following, we wish to measure the pressure of a fluid in a pipe. Piezometer This is the simplest gauge. A small vertical tube is connected to the pipe and…
An overview of the rules and strategies used for improving efficiency in solid waste collection. Bob Roberts In today’s struggling economy we are all forced to look at ways to reduce expenses. This applies to private and public operations equally. For the private operation, priorities are placed on maintaining profits—a difficult task in a competitive…
Water cycle, also called hydrologic cycle, cycle that involves the continuous circulation of water in the Earth-atmosphere system. Of the many processes involved in the water cycle, the most important are evaporation, transpiration, condensation, precipitation, and runoff. Although the total amount of water within the cycle remains essentially constant, its distribution among the various processes is…
It is reported that in USA fire kills more people each year than all other natural disasters combined including floors, cyclones and earthquake. The fire load in a building should be kept to the minimum possible. The term fire load indicates the amount of heat liberated in kilo joules per square metre (kJ/m2) of floor…
Air law, the body of law directly or indirectly concerned with civil aviation. Aviation in this context extends to both heavier-than-air and lighter-than-air aircraft. Air-cushion vehicles are not regarded as aircraft by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), but the practice of individual states in this regard is not yet settled. The earliest legislation in air law was a…
Located 20 miles southwest of New York City, the City of Elizabeth, New Jersey, is situated along the Elizabeth River. For the city’s 125,000 residents, living along the river has many benefits, but the benefits are not without flood risk. In order to manage the risk associated with potential flooding, a series of levees and floodwalls were…