Excavators are vehicles that are used on construction sites to move material. Excavators: Also Known as Diggers and Backhoes An excavator uses hydraulics or a wire rope pulley system to dig holes or trenches and is, therefore, often called a digger. Excavators are also called bobcats and backhoes. An excavator has a long boom arm…
Indroduction Highway is the lifeline of the national economy, is the image of regional development, defense and stable basis, and only pavement keep long-term smooth condition, in order to ensure that the vehicle quickly and safely on the roads. According to the survey: noise has a negative impact on the human psychology and the body…
Before a building can be built, an environmental impact assessment needs to be performed to determine how the endeavor will affect the environment. This allows planners to make their projects more environmentally friendly and acceptable to all involved. The Need for an Environmental Impact Assessment An Environmental Impact Assessment is a formal method of judging the impact…
Hydropower plants are a form of renewable energy. They operate using stored water in a dam; the water falls by gravity through penstocks to water turbines located below the dam. There are various types of water turbines used to drive power generators, producing electricity for the National Grid. Water power has been used for centuries…
Noise may not seem as harmful as the contamination of air or water, but it is a pollution problem that affects human health and can contribute to a general deterioration of environmental quality. Noise is undesirable and unwanted sound. It may be considered as music to one person and may be noise to another. Noise is…
Landfill Design, Engineering & CQA Based on numerous projects and many years of experience, SLR offers an extensive range of construction management services for the development, operation and aftercare of a modern integrated landfill facility. We are able to provide consultancy assistance for the delivery of the following aspects of landfill facility development and operation:…
There have been numerous government enquiries and subsequent reports over the last century into the construction of a tidal barrage across the River Severn Estuary linking England to Wales. None have come to fruition due to economic and environmental concerns and, the sheer magnitude of the project There have been many proposals and government white…
Carbonation is the result of the interaction of carbon dioxide gas in the atmosphere with the alkaline hydroxides in the concrete. Like many other gases carbon dioxide dissolves in water to form an acid. Unlike most other acids the carbonic acid does not attack the cement paste, but just neutralizes the alkalinity in the pore…
This chapter focuses on stone-masonry bridges that were built in Greece during the last 300 years and most of them survive today (Figure 1a and b). FIGURE 1. (a) Konitsa Bridge, Ipiros, Greece and (b) Kokorou Bridge, Ipiros, Greece. FIGURE 2. The royal tomb of Atreus at Mycenae in Peloponnese, Southern Greece. The use of the stone-masonry arch…
Archaeology is defined as the systematic approach for uncovering the human past and its environment. Archaeology involves not only systematic excavations and surveys, but also analysis of the data collected in the field. In a broader term, archaeology is an interdisciplinary research. Modern studies in archaeology engage a series of other sciences such as geology,…