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TEMPORARY ADJUSTMENTS OF A LEVEL
The adjustments to be made at every setting of the instrument are called temporary adjustments.…
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TERMS USED IN DIRECT METHOD OF LEVELLING
The following terms are used in direct method of levelling: (i) Plane of Collimation: It is…
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METHODS OF LEVELLING
The following methods are used to determine the difference in elevation of various points: (i)…
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Level and Levelling
Elevation measurements Elevation measurements involve measurements in vertical plane. It is also known as levelling.…
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ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS OF PLANE TABLE SURVEY
Advantages are 1. Possibility of omitting measurement is eliminated. 2. The surveyor can compare the…
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ERRORS IN PLANE TABLE SURVEYING
The errors may be grouped into the instrumental and personal errors. Instrumental Errors 1. The…
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METHODS OF PLANE TABLING
The following four methods are available for carrying out plane table survey: 1. Radiation 2.…
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PLANE TABLE AND ITS ACCESSORIES
The most commonly used plane table It consists of a well-seasoned wooden table Top mounted on a…
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LOCAL ATTRACTION
A freely suspended and properly balanced magnetic needle is expected to show magnetic meridian.However, local objects…
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DECLINATION AND DIP
The magnetic meridian and the true meridian may not coincide with each other in a…