Recycling is the processing of used materials into new products to avoid waste of valuable materials. The utilization of new raw materials, energy consumption, air pollution by incinerators, and water pollution by landfills is reduced. Recycling is a crucial constituent of current waste management. What Is Construction Waste Recycling? Construction waste recycling is the process…
Crane accidents can be caused by mechanical failures or human failures in the operations of the cranes. Even the mechanical failures can be a result of improper supervision or maintenance and all point to lack of training and required attention to crane operations by field managers. The Need for Cranes and the Risks Involved Cranes…
Though construction sites are a great place to work, construction workers face several hazards during their day-to-day work like equipment danger and accidents. Basic Construction Equipment Safety Standards & Major Construction Hazards According to the Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA), some of the major hazards associated with construction equipments/sites are: â—‹ Falls: This is the major…
Lacquer is a colored coating that is frequently used to produce a shiny wood appearance. Lacquer types are nitrocellulose, and less often cellulose, which is expensive and produces an appearance that is not very attractive. Lacquer will be durable if suitable measures are implemented. Basics Of Lacquer In a broad sense, lacquer implies a colored and a clear varnish that is…
The slipform technique of construction allows for the continuous pouring of concrete into walls of a structure and only stops when the full required height of the structure has been reached. Development of the Slipform Technique Cement, and concrete by its association with it, has an initial setting time of just about thirty minutes, after which the cement and…
Extensive research and development works have been taken place at various research centres to use local materials, waste materials and prefabricated structural components to reduce the cost of construction. Some of the improved cost effective technology are listed below: 1. Foundation: Under reamed piles for foundations have been developed for housing in black cotton soil area….
MINIMUM STANDARDS It is obvious that cost of construction is directly proportional to the area covered. In low cost housing economy in the construction is a vital factor, but one should not lose sight of the fact that any economies effected are not worth, if the minimum requirements of basic physical comfort in the dwellings…
CAUSES OF DAMPNESS Dampness may be caused by: (a) Ground water (b) Rainwater and (c) Leakages from pipes. (a) Dampness due to Ground Water: All buildings are founded on soils. Soil holds water for along time. Sometimes water level may rise and come in contact with foundation. Due to capillary action moisture from ground rises into foundation, floor…
Stairs give access from floor to floor. The space/room housing stairs is called staircase. Stairs consists of a number of steps arranged in a single flight or more number of flights. The requirement of good stairs are (a) Width: 0.9 m in residential buildings and 1.5 m to 2.5 m in public buildings. (b) Number of…
Lintel is a horizontal flexural member which spans over the openings in the walls for doors, windows, ventilators, cupboards etc. The load of masonry above the opening is transferred to the wall by flexural action of the lintel so that frames of doors, windows etc. are not unduly loaded. The end bearings for the lintel…