Properly designed and maintained HMA pavements can provide many years of satisfactory service. However, like all pavements, HMA pavements can be damaged by certain conditions. This page is intended to: Assist in identifying basic HMA pavement damage. HMA pavement damage that is visible at the surface of the pavement is often called “surface distress”. Provide some insight into…
Plastering Applying mortar coats on the surfaces of walls, columns, ceiling etc. to get smooth finish is termed as plastering. Mortar used for plastering may be lime mortar, cement mortar or lime-cement mortar. Lime mortar used shall have fat lime to sand ratio of 1 : 3 or 1 : 4. If hydraulic lime is used mix…
Cavern construction techniques are helping to minimise disruption during delivery of Brisbane’s new underground rail link. Rail traffic in the Australian city of Brisbane, south east Queensland is currently constrained by a single bridge over Brisbane River, but work is underway to add capacity, reliability and connectivity to the region’s network. The solution is Cross…
The structural health of bridges need constant monitoring to prevent collapses that can be sudden and disastrous. Distances and the number of such bridges require a lot of time, money, and labor for any such monitoring to be feasible. Wireless bridge monitoring solves these problems fairly easily. Bridges form an essential part of any road or rail…
Purpose of flooring is to get a good hard, level and beautiful surface for living. The floors directly resting on the ground are known as ground floors while the floors of each storey are known as upper floors.Ground Floor Apart from giving good finished surface, these floors should have good damp resistance. The ground surface is rammed…
Studying the behavior of earth materials is a vast subject that includes the study of soil properties, foundations, slopes, risk mitigation, and ground improvement methods. The following topics will guide you through much of the terminology and theory of geotechnical engineering and soil mechanics. Introduction to Geotechnical Engineering Geotechnical engineering is often the starting point for studies…
This is a message of optimism and hope, of an opportunity long awaited that is finally set to arrive. But you need to read to the end to get to the positive, encouraging part. The next two paragraphs are not comforting at all. If you are already feeling redlined trying to chart a course for…
Compact tractors are widely used in the construction industries and are considered to be extremely useful equipment for these purposes. Numerous tractor implements like backhoe loaders, buckets, draw-bars, and stabilizer bars specifically make the compact tractors helpful. Basics of a Compact Tractor A compact tractor is a motor vehicle specially planned to provide high torque…
Resistance to various applied forces is referred as mechanical properties. Some of these properties are briefly presented below: 1. Properties related to axial loading: For designing structural elements to resist the applied loads, the following strength properties should be known: (a) Tensile strength: If an element is subjected to pulling forces, the resistance developed per unit area…
Land on earth is as finite as any of our other natural resources. Scientists today believe that at least 10 percent of land and water bodies of each ecosystem must be kept as wilderness for the long term needs of protecting nature and natural resources. Soil types are red soil, black cotton soil, laterite soil,…