Composite masonry is the one that is constructed out of two or more types of building units or of different types of building materials. Composite Masonry: When walls are constructed with two or more types of building materials it is term as composite masonry. It makes the used of locally available materials to obtain optimum economy. The composite masonry…
Walls, such as garden walls, that are to be finished fairface both sides and built 1 B thick are often built in one of the garden wall bonds. Because of the variations in size and shape of many facing bricks it is difficult to finish a 1 B wall fairface both sides because of the…
English Bond English bond consists of alternate course of headers and stretches. In this English bond arrangement, vertical joints in the header courses come over each other and the vertical joints in the stretcher course are also in the same line. For the breaking of vertical joints in the successive course it is essential to place…
In Flemish bond, each course consists of alternate headers and stretchers. The alternate headers of each course are centered over the stretchers in the course below. Every alternate course starts with a header at the corner. For the breaking of vertical joints in the successive courses, closers are inserted in alternate courses next to the quoin…
Types of Bonds The bricks being uniform in size can be arranged in a variety of ways. The following are the various types of bonds used in brick masonry : Stretcher Bond. Stretcher bond In this type of Bond all the bricks are laid as stretchers, that is length wise, as shown in Fig. 2.29….
Brick masonry is built with bricks bonded together with mortar. For temporary sheds mud mortar may be used but for all permanent buildings lime or cement mortars are used. The various types of bonds generally used in brick masonry are 1. Stretcher bond 2. Header bond 3. English bond and 4. Flemish bond. 1.Stretcher Bond: A stretcher is the longer…
The planning and construction of a building should be aimed at fulfilling the following requirements: 1. Strength and stability 2. Dimensional stability 3. Resistance to dampness 4. Resistance to fire 5. Heat insulation 6. Sound insulation 7. Protection against termite attack 8. Durability 9. Security against burglary 10. Lighting and ventilation 11. Comforts and convenience 12. Economy. 1. Strength and Stability: Building should be capable of…
Every family needs a building to reside. Apart from residential purposes buildings are required for educational, institutional, business, assembly and for industrial purposes. Buildings are required for the storage of materials also. Elements of a building The following are the basic elements of a building: 1. Foundation 2. Plinth 3. Walls and columns 4. Sills, lintels and chejjas 5. Doors…
1. Plain ashlar masonry (rough tooled and fine tooled). 2. Chamfered or punched ashlar masonry (rough and fine tooled). Both are similar in all respects except that the chamfered ashlar masonry will have joints beveled at a 45° angle to a depth of 25 mm. Rough tooled ashlar masonry will have a chisel dressing 2.5 mm wide…
Followings are the specification of stone masonry and with Ashlar Masonry is as below: a) The mortar used in work shall have the strength of not less than 5 N/mm2 or 7.5 N/mm2 at 28 days specified. Mortar shall be fluid, mixed thoroughly and then poured in the joints. b) All stratified stone possessing bedding…