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Hydrodynamics: Flow in Pipes
The real behaviour of fluids flowing is well described by an experiment carried out by…
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Accounting for Energy Losses
Consider the following reservoir and pipe system:.
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Velocity and Momentum Factors
The velocity and momentum terms in the energy and momentum equations (and in any resultant…
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Discharge Measurement in Pipelines
We consider two kinds of meters based on constricting the flow: the Venturi meter and…
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Modifications to the Basic Equations
Flow Measurement – Small Orifices Consider the following tank discharge through a small opening below…
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The Momentum Equation
Development We consider again a general stream tube: Application – Fluid Striking a Flat Surface…
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Energy Equation – Example
Problem For the siphon shown, determine the discharge and pressure heads at A and B…
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The Energy Equation
Development We apply the Law of Conservation of Energy to a control volume. To do…
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Mass Conservation – Example
Problem Water flows from point A to points D and E as shown. Some of…
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The Continuity Equation
Development Applying the Law of Conservation of Mass to a control volume, we see: Consider…